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In the process of ventilation duct engineering design, the calculation mainly includes air flow resistance in ventilation duct, pressure distribution in ventilation duct, hydraulic calculation of ventilation duct and uniform ventilation duct.

1.通風系統的劃分

1. Division of ventilation system

不同地區的工業通風系統對供、排風有不同的要求。當空間較大時，有多個相應的送排氣點。本實用新型可分為多個送排風子系統，一個系統由風機和連接管組成，便于管理。該系統的主要基礎是：如果生產過程和運行時間相同，建議將其分為一個系統。如果操作參數和空氣處理要求相同，建議將其分為一個系統。不建議排氣扇靠近排氣點，排氣點距離一個小系統，這將增加排氣系統的阻力。

Industrial ventilation systems in different regions have different requirements for air supply and exhaust. When the space is large, there are multiple corresponding air supply and exhaust points. The utility model can be divided into a plurality of air supply and exhaust subsystems. One system is composed of a fan and a connecting pipe, which is convenient for management. The main basis of the system is: if the production process and running time are the same, it is recommended to divide it into one system. If the operating parameters and air handling requirements are the same, it is recommended to divide them into one system. It is not recommended that the exhaust fan be close to the exhaust point, which is a small system away, which will increase the resistance of the exhaust system.

2.通風管道材料的選擇

2. Selection of ventilation duct materials

通風管道的材料主要有鋼板、金屬軟管、塑料和橡膠軟管、纖維板、膠合板、石膏板、UPVC塑料板、磚和混凝土等。鋼板是通風管道常用的材料，主要是因為它具有耐腐蝕和耐高溫的特性，加工、制造、安裝都非常方便。一些通風管道在技術上需要經常移動。此類通風管需要由柔性材料制成，如金屬軟管、塑料軟管和橡膠軟管。UPVC塑料板表面光滑，加工方便，但不耐高溫。適用于有腐蝕的工業通風和排氣系統。

The materials of ventilation pipes mainly include steel plate, metal hose, plastic and rubber hose, fiberboard, plywood, gypsum board, UPVC Plastic board, brick and concrete. Steel plate is a common material for ventilation pipes, mainly because it has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and it is very convenient for processing, manufacturing and installation. Some ventilation ducts technically need to be moved frequently. Such ventilation pipes need to be made of flexible materials, such as metal hose, plastic hose and rubber hose. UPVC Plastic board has smooth surface and convenient processing, but it is not resistant to high temperature. Suitable for corrosive industrial ventilation and exhaust systems.

3.通風管道截面形狀的選擇

3. Selection of section shape of ventilation duct

通風管的截面形狀一般分為矩形和圓形。當橫截面積相同時，圓形通風管不僅阻力小、強度高，而且節約管材。圓形通風管，直徑小，制造容易，保溫更方便。然而，矩形通風管比圓形通風管容易制造，布局也比圓形通風管簡單。在正常情況下，當通風管的橫截面較小，管內流量較大時，應采用圓形通風管。當風道截面較大時，應采用矩形風道，充分利用建筑空間。矩形風管，高送風比接近1.效果較好，既可節省運行能耗，又可節省投資。

The section shape of ventilation pipe is generally divided into rectangular and circular. When the cross-sectional area is the same, the circular ventilation pipe not only has low resistance and high strength, but also saves pipes. Circular ventilation pipe, small diameter, easy to manufacture and more convenient for heat preservation. However, rectangular ventilation pipes are easier to manufacture than circular ventilation pipes, and the layout is simpler than circular ventilation pipes. Under normal circumstances, when the cross section of the ventilation pipe is small and the flow in the pipe is large, the circular ventilation pipe shall be used. When the section of air duct is large, rectangular air duct shall be adopted to make full use of building space. Rectangular air duct, high air supply ratio close to 1 The effect is good, which can not only save operation energy consumption, but also save investment.

4.通風管道布置圖

4. ventilation duct layout

通風管道的布局直接關系到通風系統的總體布局。與其他密切配合，既協調美觀，又符合總圖的規定。如果排氣管上有多個排氣點，則可以將支管連接到大段歧管上。通風管道布置應盡可能平坦，以避免局部管道安裝的復雜性。如果輸氣管道中含有液滴，應在通風管道上設置坡道，在通風管道的下端應設置密封水管，以便于排除滲出物。通風管道上應安裝調節和測量裝置，以便于系統的運行控制。

The layout of ventilation duct is directly related to the overall layout of ventilation system. Closely cooperate with others, which is not only harmonious and beautiful, but also in line with the provisions of the general drawing. If there are multiple exhaust points on the exhaust pipe, the branch pipe can be connected to a large section of manifold. The layout of ventilation ducts shall be as flat as possible to avoid the complexity of local pipeline installation. If the gas transmission pipeline contains droplets, a ramp shall be set on the ventilation pipeline, and a sealed water pipe shall be set at the lower end of the ventilation pipeline to facilitate the removal of exudates. Regulating and measuring devices shall be installed on the ventilation duct to facilitate the operation control of the system.

5.通風管道的保溫

5. Insulation of ventilation duct

在通過通風管道輸送空氣的過程中，熱量和冷卻能力的損失較大，并且空氣溫度應保持基本恒定，因此有必要保持通風管道的絕緣。

In the process of conveying air through the ventilation duct, the loss of heat and cooling capacity is large, and the air temperature should be kept basically constant. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the insulation of the ventilation duct.

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